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Time to Play! Backstroke

Kids learn by playing. The more you can make learning to swim fun for your kids, the more they’ll like it, the quicker they’ll learn, and the more fun you’ll have teaching them. Here’s a fun way to help your kids focus on their kick while you’re teaching them the backstroke.

The goal of the swimming kick is to keep it small, gentle, fluid, and from the hip. Only the toes break the surface of the water. There’s very little splash. To help your kids focus on that kick and on keeping it small, try to tickle their toes whenever they break the surface. Can you catch those toes when they’re barely breaking the surface? Try your hardest, but no fair tickling the tummy or behind the knees. That would be cheating.

Okay, maybe just a little tickling the tummy.

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4 Tips for Refining the Backstroke (Including How Not to Hit Your Head)

Now that you’ve taught your kids the basics of doing the backstroke, you can use your practice time in the swimming pool to work on refining it. Here are four tips to help your kids learn the fine points of this fun swimming stroke.

  1. Your child needs to learn to be aware of where he is in the pool and when he’s approaching a wall when he’s doing the backstroke. If you’re practicing in a pool with lanes and flags, this is easier. Have him pay attention to the flags above his head and keep an arm outstretched once he passes them. How long does it take to reach the wall once he’s seen the flags? How many strokes?

    (If there are no flags suspended above the pool you’re using, help your child to pick out another landmark that he can spot from the corner of his eye or by slightly turning his head. Make sure to let him know that you won’t let him bump his head into the wall while he’s practicing.)
  2. If you want to work on refining the backstroke, have your child focus on the position of his hand as it enters the water. His palm should face away from his body, and his little finger should enter the water first.
  3. The rotation of his shoulders will create a twisting motion in his torso and a gentle rolling feeling. Have him notice this and the effect of his kicking on stabilizing him.
  4. The backstroke is a perfect stroke for paying attention to keeping the kick small, gentle, fluid, and from the hip. Point out how only his toes will break the surface of the water and his feet will create very little splash.
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6 Tips to Transform Your Kids’ Backstroke

Once your kids are comfortable with the basics of the backstroke, you’re ready to start teaching them some refinements. These six areas to focus on will help your kids develop their backstroke beyond the basics.

6 Backstroke Refinements

  1. Grab the water. You’ll probably recognize this from teaching your kids the front crawl. Ask your child to think about grabbing a handful of water and pulling it down to his hip. Have him imagine that he’s trying to keep the water from falling out of his hand. He should keep his fingers together and his palm gently cupped. How does it feel?
  2. Push the water toward the feet. Have your child concentrate on pushing the water toward his feet, not pushing down on the water. As he becomes comfortable with the movement, have him imagine that he’s trying to push the water in a straight line from his head to his feet. This will encourage him to bend his elbow instead of stroking through the water with a straight arm.
  3. Bend the elbow in the water. Bending their elbows will allow your kids to generate more power with less effort. It will also keep them from wasting energy moving their arms down through the water. As the arm approaches the end of the stroke near the thigh, they’ll straighten it to get the most out of that pushing water toward their feet.
  4. Straighten the arm out of the water. For the best recovery to the streamline starting position, your kids should bring the recovery arm straight through the air.
  5. Don’t forget to kick. Once they’re comfortable with the arm movements of this swimming stroke, let your kids practice kicking simultaneously until it comes naturally.
  6. Play with the timing. This tip will be familiar from teaching your kids the nuances of the front crawl. Your child will naturally start to play with the timing of his arm movements. It’s particularly easy to do when he’s practicing the backstroke, because he doesn’t have to worry about taking a breath. Encourage him to experiment. What happens if you start moving one arm back while the other arm is pulling back? What happens if you start moving one arm back while the other arm is returning to streamline position? Foster an awareness of timing and the different results different approaches to timing yield.
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How to Teach Your Kids the Backstroke: The First Stage

If the front crawl is the get-there-quick swimming stroke, the backstroke is the stop-and-smell-the-roses stroke. It’s fun and relaxing, and teaching your kids the backstroke is fun and relaxing, too. Breathing is easy. Because you don’t have to concentrate much on breathing, it’s easy to focus on the rest of the body. Although the body position is the same, the backstroke is actually easier to do than back floating, because the movement helps to keep the body in position.

The First Stage of Teaching the Backstroke

By this point, your child has the advantage of having learned to float on his back, to kick, and to streamline his body position. All of this is the foundation for starting to learn the backstroke. (If you haven’t already taught your kids, these swimming skills, now’s the time! Teaching the backstroke without these foundation skills is pointless.)

Floating on his back has prepared your child to keep his body horizontal and his head in line with the rest of his body. This is the necessary starting point for the backstroke.

Step 1: Nothing But Kick

To start to learn the backstroke, ask your child to put his arms in streamline position while he floats on his back and kicks. Have him practice this for a while to get a feel for moving while he’s on his back. Be sure to track his position in the pool for him and give him plenty of feedback about where he is in relation to the sides or end of the pool. Later he’ll learn to do this himself.

Step 2: One Arm at a Time

Have your child pull one of his arms from streamline position through the water to his thigh. Have him lift his arm to return it to streamline position and then try the same thing with his other arm. Have him practice alternating his arms this way for several lengths of the swimming pool until he feels comfortable with it.

As with the front crawl, have your child visualize reaching for something in the swimming pool just beyond his grasp above his head and to look up. This will help to counteract the tendency to bend at the waist.

Step 3: Put It All Together

At first, your child might have to concentrate so hard on moving his arms that he forgets to keep kicking. Don’t worry about this. After he’s gotten some experience moving his arms, gently remind him to kick. Work on this until your child is comfortable stroking with his arms and kicking continuously. Then, it’s time to move on to the next stage of teaching the backstroke.